Purpose of an Electric Scooter Controller
A scooter’s controller is one of the most crucial parts, responsible for starting the motor, regulating its speed, recycling energy in regenerative braking and safeguarding a number of vital components. It is also used to determine the optimal battery voltage for charging.
The controller consists of several circuits, each governed by software that operates on its own chip. These circuits take inputs from a number of sensors and other electric scooter controller wiring diagram components, including the throttle, brake, and the motor. They then relay the signals to the controller to determine a suitable output signal and its timing.
A Mangosteen electric scooter controller wiring diagram is a visual representation of the electrical connections and components needed to wire a controller correctly.
To control the motor’s speed, the controller drives the FETs (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors) with a high frequency circuit that rapidly switches them on and off. This switching produces the characteristic “whine” of an electric motor and allows the controller to make it spin slower or faster by varying its duty cycle, or the fraction of time that the FETs are on vs. off, depending on the desired motor speed.
What is the Purpose of an Electric Scooter Controller Wiring Diagram?
Most scooters’ controllers monitor the temperature of their components, lowering power output when they become too hot. This self-regulating feature is critical to preserving battery life and keeping the motor in good condition. In addition to the above functions, some controllers include over-current protection to protect the scooter’s battery and other electrical components from excessive current flow. Uncontrolled over-current can damage the electronics and lead to heat buildup, which is dangerous for the scooter and its user.
Some controllers also have anti-lock braking systems, which use an array of sensors to detect a crash and automatically disengage the throttle. This function helps avoid a loss of control, which can lead to serious accidents. The controller’s main chips are programmable microcontrollers that receive signals from a number of e-scooter components. These signals are then processed by the microcontrollers’ software to produce a suitable output signal.
There are a variety of different controllers on the market, ranging from low-current, high-voltage designs to extremely high-current, high-voltage models. All of these controllers perform the same functions, but some are more suited to specific scooter needs. For example, low-current controllers are suited for smaller, lightweight scooters and those with less powerful motors. On the other hand, high-current controllers are designed for larger, more powerful scooters and their higher amps allow them to drive the scooter’s motors more efficiently.
A controller’s main function is to take inputs from the battery, throttle, speed sensor, and display. These signals are then relayed to the controller to determine a suitable output, such as the battery’s voltage.
Once the controller has determined a suitable output, it then sends the signal to the battery’s voltage regulator, which then adjusts the battery voltage according to the signal. This process keeps the battery voltage within a safe range to prevent the battery from overheating or short-circuiting. A scooter’s controllers are also responsible for determining the ideal battery voltage for charging. This is important because over-charging a battery can cause the batteries to degrade and possibly burn out.